Let most of the information presented in the article will never be needed by tourists in practice. Let your vacation be enjoyable, fun and full of positive experiences. However, the soul is calmer when the head is aware of how to act in a difficult situation. What should be in a first-aid kit, what to do while waiting for an ambulance, what to do in case of a tick bite, how to behave in the event of a flood threat, how not to fall into fraudulent networks? Read the answers to these and other questions.

HOW TO AVOID SUNBURNS?

The most common skin problem on summer vacations is sunburn. To avoid them, it is necessary to combine chemical and physical means of protection. Simply put, use protective creams and clothing, hats. It is important to know that SPF does not indicate the duration of protection. This means that any cream must be renewed no later than 2 hours later, and the old layer must be washed off. Also, the application of the cream should be renewed after bathing.

The basic rule of a healthy tan is gradual and moderation. Between 11 am and 4 pm, it is best to avoid direct sunlight. Children should not be in the sun for more than two hours. Sunburn in childhood or adolescence can have a negative impact many years later.

If, nevertheless, the sun burns the skin, you should assess the degree of damage and, based on this, act. In the absence of blisters, simple folk remedies, for example, cold kefir, are suitable. Frequency - 3-5 times a day or once within 30 minutes. Cold lotions from tea leaves are also effective: 5-10 minutes up to 10 times a day. There are, of course, modern spray treatments, but for more serious burns, especially in children, you should seek professional help.

There is a myth that you will not burn out in cloudy weather. This is not true. Ultraviolet light penetrates clouds, water and clothing. Therefore, it is important to combine remedies. Sunburns are premature aging of the skin and delayed problems that can appear years later.

WHAT TO DO WHEN WAITING FOR AN AMBULANCE?

Severe trauma, acute pain, a sharp deterioration in the condition, severe sun or thermal burn, drowning - all these situations require the urgent participation of a qualified specialist. In the Altai Territory, all territories are covered by an ambulance service. This means that in any place, even far from settlements, a doctor can come to you. It is very important to accurately report the location, indicate landmarks that will help you quickly find the victim's location. It is advisable that someone come out to meet the ambulance on the track. That is, everything must be done to speed up the provision of assistance.

WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE IS DROWNING?

The rule "do no harm" is the main thing when you are waiting for a doctor. If you don’t know what to do, don’t do anything. Calm down and expect help. But there are situations when minutes count and then it is worth acting. An example is drowning. Respiratory functions persist in a person for 4-5 minutes, and cardiac activity for up to 15 minutes. Therefore, do not give up trying to find a drowned person, dive, examine the bottom, do everything to pull him ashore. Then try to clear the water from your airways. To do this, it is necessary to bend the person over the knee, face down, so that the pelvis is above the head. Children can simply be lifted by their feet. If there is a person among you who, at least in theory, knows how to do artificial respiration, it is better if he tries to help.

WHAT TO DO FOR BACK INJURY?

Back injury is a case when first aid should be minimal. You can not make movements of the neck, except in a situation when a person is vomiting. The victim must be carefully laid on his back and not moved until an ambulance arrives. To avoid head and spinal injuries, be sure to inspect the bottom and estimate the depth of the reservoir before diving.

If you are resting with children - inspect the resting place, remove glasses, sticks, inspect the bottom and fence off the swimming area, make sure that the children have their heads covered, control the time the children are in the water and under the sun. And of course, don't leave children unattended.

WHAT TO DO IN THE HEAT STROKE?

1. Take the victim to a cool place.

2. Put a cold compress on your forehead.

3. Provide air access.

4. When vomiting (if the person is unconscious), monitor the position of the head.

5. In case of severe headache, give an appropriate drug (analgesic).

WHAT SHOULD BE IN A FIRST AID KIT FOR REST?

1. Preparations for intoxication (polysorb, activated carbon, etc.)

2. Means for stopping diarrhea (Immodium, etc.).

3. Intestinal antiseptic (furazolidone, etc.)

4. Antipyretic drugs.

5. Remedies for allergies.

6. Means for the treatment and dressing of wounds, scratches.

There are no antibiotics among the medicines needed. They cannot be taken without a doctor's prescription, moreover, antibiotics can significantly change the picture of the disease and direct diagnosis and treatment down the wrong path.

WHAT CANNOT BE DONE ON REST?

1. Drink water from unknown sources.

2. There is food in unequipped places or in places of questionable appearance of the institution.

3. Eat exotic fruits and vegetables, especially if you have allergic reactions.

4. Abuse alcohol.

WHAT TO DO IF A Tick bite?

A tourist going on vacation to places where there is a danger of a tick bite must be vaccinated or insured. The main preventive measure is a daily examination of the body. If the tick suction still occurs, the initial consultation can be obtained by calling 03.

If you do not have the opportunity to seek help from a medical facility, then the insect must be removed yourself. It is important to do this as early as possible, because the likelihood of getting sick depends on the amount of infection penetrated by the bite, that is, the time during which the tick was in a sucked state.

The tick must be grasped as close to the proboscis as possible, then gently pull it up, while rotating around its axis in a convenient direction. If you try to pull out the tick, then there is a high probability of its rupture. If there are no tweezers or special devices at hand, then the tick can be removed with a thread. A strong thread is tied in a knot, as close as possible to the tick proboscis, then the tick is removed by slowly swinging and pulling it up. Sudden movements are unacceptable - the tick will burst. When the tick head is torn off, the infection process can continue, since there is a significant concentration of tick-borne encephalitis virus in the salivary glands and ducts.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW WHEN GOING TO SALT LAKES?

The salt lakes of the Altai Territory are located in the steppe zone. This means that you are driving to an area where there is a lot of sun and no shade on sunny days. Only sunscreen and an umbrella are not enough. You need a spacious awning that can provide extensive shade. But even this at a temperature of about 30 degrees and above is not enough. The heat will be absolute and everywhere. Bathing is a great remedy for overheating, but it’s impossible to sit in water for 12 hours. A midday car ride to a nearby pine forest is ideal. At a minimum, it is necessary to monitor the time spent in the sun of the child and his well-being.

Mud is another priceless treasure of salt lakes. They are used in the treatment of skin diseases, musculoskeletal system. Quite rightly, many parents believe that mud is good for joints and posture. But! mud therapy needs to be done in special medical institutions, and you need to apply mud on your own very moderately and for a short time. It is important to remember that the mud is applied for no more than 15-20 minutes for adults, and even less for children. Dirt should not be applied to the heart area, and even more so, polyethylene wraps should not be done. The therapeutic effect in this case is unlikely to increase, but harm to the vegetative-vascular system and the load on the heart are guaranteed.

WHAT TO DO IF THERE IS A FLOOD THREAT?

At the warning signal of a flood threat and evacuation, immediately, in the prescribed manner, leave (drive) out of the danger zone of possible catastrophic flooding to a designated safe area or to elevated areas of the terrain, taking with you documents, valuables, necessary things and a supply of non-perishable foodstuffs. Register at the final point of evacuation.

In the absence of an organized evacuation, until the arrival of help or the fall of water, you are on the upper floors and roofs of buildings, in trees or other towering objects. At the same time, constantly give a distress signal: in the daytime - by hanging or waving a clearly visible cloth lined to the shaft, and in the dark - with a light signal and periodically with a voice. When the rescuers approach, calmly, without panic and fuss, with the observance of precautions, go to the swimming facility. At the same time, strictly observe the requirements of the rescuers, do not overload the floating craft. While driving, do not leave the established places, do not sit on the sides, strictly follow the crew's requirements. It is recommended to independently get out of the flooded area only if there are such serious reasons as the need to provide medical assistance to the victims, the continuing rise in the water level with the threat of flooding the upper floors (attic). In this case, it is necessary to have a reliable flotation device and know the direction of movement. Do not stop sending the distress signal during self-advance. Provide assistance to people swimming in water and drowning.

HOW TO NOT BECOME A VICTIM OF FRAUDERS BY PLANNING A JOURNEY?

1. Ask about the reputation of the travel agency where you are going to buy the tour. Read reviews on the Internet, ask friends. Verified companies have been on the market for at least several years, and generally suit their customers.

2. Call the company by phone: by talking to a specialist, you can understand how reliable the company is. If the manager does not have information or answers evasively to questions about the cost of tours, their content, the road, this is a bad sign.

3. Study the terminology so that you know exactly what information to pay attention to first. A tour operator is a company that creates a tourism product and provides services to tourists. A travel agent is a company that sells a travel product formed by a tour operator.

4. Check the availability of information about the company in the unified federal register posted on the Rostourism website.

5. Pay attention to prices. Too low cost of the voucher should be alarming.

6. Carefully read the contract for the provision of tourist services. In conscientious firms, everything that was promised in words is documented. Unscrupulous companies limit themselves to vague language that can be interpreted in two ways.

7. Be careful with sweepstakes and lotteries. This is another trick that often works for inexperienced travelers.

Carefully study the information, and then nothing will spoil your holiday!

Information prepared by Zhanna Mikhienko

Photo by Tatiana Shukite